A synthetic bioactive resorbable graft for predictable implant reconstruction: part one.

Animal studies were conducted to evaluate the cell response and chemical potentiality of a synthetic bioactive resorbable graft (SBRG) made of nonceramic cluster particulate of low-temperature HA material. The study evaluated bone-bridging of the SBRG particulates in 1-mm wide implant channels of 5 x 8 mm long roughened titanium interface in 6 dogs and compared results to the same implant channels left empty as controls at 6- and 12-week intervals. Resorption rate capacity and cell response were evaluated with an assessment of the chemical characterization of the synthetic nonceramic material next to the titanium implant interfaces. Results of the animal studies were compared with human histologic biopsies of the SBRG for bone quality, density, and bone growth into defect sites concurrent with resorption time of the graft. One human biopsy consisted of a graft mixture of the SBRG and dense bovine-derived HA, compared under the electron microscope, including histology by H and E staining. Part 1 of this paper presents evidence of the predictability and efficacy of the SBRG osteoconductive, particulate chemical potentiality to aid in the regeneration of lost bone anatomy next to titanium implant interfaces. Recent technological innovations in computer hardware and software have given clinicians the tools to determine 3-dimensional quality and density of bone, including anatomical discrepancies, which can aid in the diagnosis and treatment planning for grafting procedures. When teeth are extracted, the surrounding bone and soft tissue are challenged as a result of the natural resorptive process. The diminished structural foundation for prosthetic reconstruction, with or without implants, can be compromised. A synthetic bioactive resorbable graft material having osteoconductive biochemical and biomechanical qualities similar to the host bone provides the means to improve compromised bone topography for ridge preservation, ridge augmentation, or to enhance the bony site for implant placement and subsequent prosthetic rehabilitation. Part two of this paper will demonstrate clinical applications of the SBRG material for purposes of implant placement and prosthetic reconstruction.